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The world uses a variety of energy sources. In 2018, fossil fuels, such as oil, gas and coal, comprised more than 81 percent of energy consumed. Renewables, including solar power, wind power, hydroelectricity, and biomass, account for 14 percent. Nuclear energy is responsible for another five percent. Different countries use various energy sources, while balancing the needs of the economy with environmental concerns.
Nature provides energy in many forms: sun, wind, waves, and ocean. When harnessed and transformed into more practical forms of energy, like heat or electricity, they are called primary sources. When those energies are used up, they become non-renewable energy sources.
The environment is damaged by many fossil fuels as well as some other energy sources that aren’t renewable. For instance mining for oil could destroy the forests of the planet. Hydraulic fracturing (fracking) can trigger earthquakes and pollution of water. Carbon dioxide is released when coal is burnt, which contributes to global warming.
Fortunately, some of the most promising sources of energy are renewable and sustainable. Wind, solar and hydropower generate, for instance electricity without having to dig for new sources.
Tidal and Wave Power are two more renewable energy sources that are emerging. But, in order to be utilized at a large scale, these technologies must have efficient distribution networks. They must be constructed which will require the use of non-renewable energy. This means that these sources aren’t sufficient to meet the majority of our energy needs. It’s still important to remember that the cost of renewable energy equipment has fallen dramatically in recent years and that efficiency is increasing.